Marketing Principles :: GCSE Business Marketing BTEC Coursework

Marketing Principles A. Definitions 1. ABC ABC stands for activity based costing. This is defined as a method which identifies various activities needed to provide a product and determines the cost of these activities. I would say it is a method of breaking down the process of the business’ activity down to its root components. Then the causes of profit losses can be weeded out. For example, in a warehouse setting in which I worked, there were a few major departments which included receiving, stock dept., pick/pack, and shipping department. Merchandise traveled through the warehouse along this pathway. If say, production (boxes shipped) is down, we can specify the cause using this technique. Instead of just knowing that production is down, we may learn that the receiving dock is backed up , which leads to no merchandise for the stock dept., which results in orders being held up on the flows. Management can then find the cause of the backup in receiving and go from there. 2. ADEA Stands for the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, which, according to text, prohibits age discrimination and mandatory retirement. It was established in 1967. It pretty much explains itself. Basically, there cannot be a maximum age for employees, and termination can not be based solely on age. A good example of this would be a mother returning to the work force. They may be frowned upon due to their age. I have read somewhere that people over the age of forty are in a protected class, and cannot be discriminated against by virtue of the law. 3. BARS This stands for Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale. It is defined as a rating technique that relates an employees performance to a specific job related incident. This definition doesn’t really help me. It seems that the procedure is to define certain personality traits that are essential for a certain function, then to rate the prospective employee based on a scale of these trait. For example, someone applying to be a chef would be hired on base on a number of traits, one being prior experience. A ten on the scale would be something like, â€Å"10+ years of experience in a 4 star restaurant†, while a zero would be â€Å"no experience†. The employees â€Å"worth† could be determined by a composite of all these scales.

Kenney’s Inaugural Address Rhetorical Analysis Essay

John F. Kennedy’s inaugural address in January 20, 1961 was a good representation of the enormous amount of things that were taking place in that setting. Kennedy’s inaugural address enlightened America and the world on his goals for his presidency; within his speech he used a form of comparing and contrasting, repetition, and exposition. Applying these helps Kennedy’s address inspire his audience. Kennedy takes advantage of one of his most prominent strategies, repetition, to emphasize his various points. To drive in the idea of change, Kennedy repeats words like, â€Å"to those† or â€Å"to our†. Those phrases formally address the old allies, new states, or the sister republics to show respect to them and to also cause each area feel special. By specifically addressing them for the one line, it gives them acknowledgement, which places Kennedy on their good side; also making the respective audiences listen up, like a call to attention. Relating to his main goal of world peace, this strategy elaborates on the definition of â€Å"world† by noticing the spots across the globe. â€Å"Let both sides† repeats because Kennedy wants to expand the peace part of his goal. For example, Kennedy utilization of â€Å"both† elaborates the unity that he strives for, and the word â€Å"sides† refers to sides of the world and sides of â€Å"problems which divide us†. With positive change and willingness in his tone, Kennedy invites them to join him. The section states the steps of what they need to do and the positive effects that could come from their unity or the negative consequences that might evolve if the world didn’t form an alliance. Within his repetition were statements that juxtapose positive and negatives ideas of how he will execute his goals, Kennedy’s address conveys his objectives for the future to his audience. His main goal is to get â€Å"both sides begin anew the quest for peace†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Kennedy starts off with an idea of positive hope, expressing this by utilizing words like: good, pledge, assist, free, and then â€Å"casting off the chains of poverty†. Those positive words convey Kennedy’s goal to keep peace with the sister republics of the south, relating to his goal of striving for world peace. However, he then introduces the negative, which comes as a warning. The diction changes and the tone quickly go from conciliatory to authoritative, †Ã¢â‚¬ ¦in a new alliance for progress-to assist men and free government in casting off the chains of poverty. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become prey to hostile powers.† Because Kennedy doesn’t believe striving for world peace defines as weak, he provides a warning meanwhile, showing that America still will remain a world power. â€Å"But we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom†¦Ã¢â‚¬  To his audience, he warns them â€Å"to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.† From this, the audience can see Kennedy’s goals and his standards for the America future as well as the future for upcoming states and those who will be their ally. The importance of making sure the audience knows Kennedy will not be a weak president, benefits Kennedy because everyone knows a leader of a nation should never be known as weak. In addition to positive and negative statements, Kennedy employs exposition, or logic. Without logic and reasoning, his address wouldn’t be as inspiring. Kennedy employs exposition to tell America why we can succeed and why we should try to succeed. He remarks, â€Å"In your hands† to indicate that America has the power to change and that â€Å"the final success or failure of our course† rests in America’s hands more than the Kennedy’s hands. The remarks stand as a representation of teamwork and coming together to achieve Kennedy’s goal of world peace. Kennedy also observes that striving for freedom is in America’s history, therefore is another reason for America to help out with Kennedy’s goals. â€Å"Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty. The graves of young Americans who answered the call to service surround the globe.† This gives another fact to the audience, particularly that Americans should help since we are proud of our heritage. To explain that we have responsibility, Kennedy claims that â€Å"the trumpet summons us again† and with our power, we should take that responsibility and fight â€Å"the common enemies of man.† Kennedy implements smart wording like â€Å"trumpet† because it’s usually associated with nobility; and words like enemies, struggle, and graves to indicate negative consequences or ideas that America needs to fight. Then Kennedy puts even more responsibility on Americans by stating, â€Å"only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom† and asking America if they will make history by joining him. Since Kennedy has a position of power and influence, he states that he welcomes the responsibility and he advises other to welcome it, putting more pressure for America to join his change. Kennedy’s address effectively showed his passion for achieving world peace and that he wants the world to join him by employing repetition, juxtaposition, and exposition.

The U.S. National Debt and Selected Reduction Plans and...

Fifteen trillion three hundred and fifty-six billion one hundred and forty million dollars was the measure of the public debt at last count in January 2012 (The Bureau of Public Debt). Even at the current higher-than-average national average gas price of $3.51 that could buy more than four trillion gallons of gas (Pankratz). That’s enough gasoline to drive a Hummer H2 around the equator of the Earth one hundred and seventy-five million times. It is also 31 times the U.S. yearly consumption of gasoline(U.S. Department of Energy). The ratio of government debt held by the public to current dollar gross domestic product is 70 percent but the ratio of total debt including intergovernmental holdings to GDP is 102 percent (Bureau of Economic†¦show more content†¦He started with a debt of $10.6 trillion and the current debt is $15.3 trillion. A lot of that comes from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act in 2009. Bush accumulated debt faster than the presidents before hi m and Obama is continuing the trend. Of course, the president isn’t solely responsible for the debt but it proves a good way to organize. The debt could lead to a financial crisis. A U.S. credit default or fears of such default could cut off credit flowing to the United States. A true sovereign debt crisis is unlikely to occur in the United States as the U.S. debt is held in dollars and the Federal Reserve could always print more dollars (Wallison). A true crisis could only occur if our debt was held in the Euro or Chinese Yuan. But the U.S. could still have a pseudo-default situation where concerns about American ability to repay debt limit creditor’s willingness to loan money. Wallison sees the trend of divided government continuing and doesn’t see compromise as likely without the onset of a crisis. If Congressional Budget Office outlooks hold true, and the U.S. keeps it’s same policies the debt will be double annual GDP by 2041. When the markets and financial sector sees a point of no return where the Federal Reserve can’t pay off the debt without major inflation, a debt crisis consisting of damaging inflation will occur. This will send negative shocks through the U.S. economy. 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